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    基于晶体微谐振腔中孤子微梳的低噪声光子微波振荡器

    Low-Noise Photonic Microwave Oscillator Using Soliton Microcombs in Crystalline Microresonators

    • 摘要: 基于微谐振腔的孤子频率梳(孤子微梳)有望彻底改变时频计量领域,并且可作为合成低噪声微波信号的解决方案。然而,目前这类光子微波振荡器受到基本量子噪声和技术噪声的限制, 阻止了其性能水平的进一步提升。设计了一种低噪声孤子微波振荡器,该振荡器借助兼具大模场面积和超高品质因子的晶体微谐振腔,减轻了这些限制。在15 mW的泵浦功率下,通过计算机程序可自动启动孤子态,并且利用Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)锁定技术实现孤子态的长期稳定。9.099 GHz微波载波的绝对单边带相位噪声在100 Hz处为-85 dBc/Hz,在1 kHz处为-111 dBc/Hz,在10 kHz处为-126 dBc/Hz。以阿伦方差表示的频率稳定度在1 s平均时间内测得为4.6×10-11。研究结果与已报道的低噪声光子微波振荡器相接近,且通过二极管激光泵浦方案,该振荡器还可实现小型化封装。

       

      Abstract: Microresonator-based soliton frequency comb (soliton microcomb) has the potential to revolutionize the field of time-frequency metrology and can be competitive solution for the synthesis of low-noise microwave signals. However, these photonic microwave oscillators are currently limited by the fundamental quantum noise and technical noise, which prevents further improvement in their performance. A low-noise soliton microwave oscillator that mitigates these limitations by virtue of the crystalline microresonator with both large mode area and ultrahigh quality factor is proposed in this paper. The soliton states are automatically initiated by the computer procedure and long-term stabilized using a Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) locking technique under a 15 mW pump power. The absolute single-sideband phase noise of the 9.099 GHz microwave carrier is -85 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz, -111 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz and -126 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz. The frequency stability represented by the Allan deviation is measured as 4.6×10-11 at 1s averaging time. Therefore, our results are comparable to the demonstrated ultralow-noise photonic microwave oscillators, and are also ready for the compact package by the diode laser pumping.

       

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