Abstract: Since versatile laser sources provide flexible and unique energy sources for precise control of material processing spectrally and specially, different industrial technologies such as laser materials processing have been developed and have demonstrated their significance in many areas such as material science, electronics, defense, and mechanics, In this presentation, the speaker will introduce their research activities in spectrally and spatially controlled laser-material interactions for fast growth of diamond films and crystals in open air, self-aligned growth of carbon nanotubes, formation of wafer-size graphene layer directly on dielectric surfaces, directly writing of nanoscale graphene patterns, synthesis of carbon-nanoonions and their applications in energy storage and triobology, and nuclear forensics using laser-assisted optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The speaker will also introduce their recent discovery that vibrational modes of precursor molecules play important roles in material synthesis, leading to an assumption that temperature may not be the unique parameter governing thermally drive chemical processes.