Abstract: The laser gyroscope is a key inertial navigation component whose performance is crucial for applications in numerous fields. The resonant cavity constitutes the core of the laser gyroscope, and the assembly quality of its peripheral components directly affects the device's environmental adaptability. This study examines the assembly process for the peripheral components of the resonant cavity, identifies critical techniques and challenges involved, and evaluates the impact of different assembly methods on gyroscope performance through comparative experiments. Test results show that reducing the preload of the micro displacement adjuster screws improves the average light intensity difference of the resonant cavity from -35.2% to -24.5%, while using a low stress adhesive enhances it from -35.2% to -24.3%. These process optimizations effectively improve the assembly quality of the resonant cavity peripherals, thereby strengthening the adaptability of laser gyroscopes in complex battlefield environments.