Computation-Enabled Optical Imaging: A Technical Study of Optico-Algorithmic Co-Design Techniques for Lightweight Optical Systems

To adress the longstanding challenge of simultaneously achieving lightweight design and high imaging performance in the optical systems of optoelectronic equipment, a novel lens imaging framework grounded in integrated optical-algorithmic co-design is proposed in this paper. Central-band aberrations are corrected via quadratic-function-based adaptive band-weight optimization, while high-frequency detail preservation across spectral bands is enabled through cross-channel prior exploitation. Furthermore, an efficient full-spectrum point spread function (PSF) measurement technique tailored for simple-lens configurations is introduced, which directly supports the proposed restoration pipeline. Leveraging this framework, a dual-separation simple lens with an F-number of 6 and a focal length of 50 mm is designed. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the prototype achieves imaging fidelity comparable to that of a conventional multi-element lens of identical specifications—quantified by a structural similarity (SSIM) index of 0.96. Critically, the design reduces the total number of lens elements by two and achieves a 59% reduction in overall mass. These results substantiate that the proposed approach enables substantial system miniaturization and weight reduction without compromising optical performance, offering tangible advancement toward lightweight, portable, and cost-effective optoelectronic systems.